![]() ![]() Next, we're creating an object app of class Flask. In the above Python script, we are first importing the Flask class from the Flask module that we have installed. Now, we can add the following content in the core/_init_.py file: from flask import FlaskĪpp.om_object(config("APP_SETTINGS")) The value of FLASK_APP is the name of the package we have created. We set it to the current stage of the project. The APP_SETTINGS refers to one of the classes we created in the config.py file. env in the root directory and add the following content there: SECRET_KEY=verysecretkeyĪpart from the SECRET_KEY and DATABASE_URL, we've also specified APP_SETTINGS and FLASK_APP. Notice that we're using a few environment variables like SECRET_KEY and DATABASE_URL. Also, we have created different child classes (as per different stages of development) that inherit the Config class. In the above script, we have created a Config class and defined various attributes inside that. SECRET_KEY = config('SECRET_KEY', default='guess-me') If DATABASE_URI.startswith("postgres://"):ĭATABASE_URI = DATABASE_URI.replace("postgres://", "postgresql://", 1) Within the file, add the following content: from decouple import config We'll store the configurations for the project in this file. In the root directory of the project, create a file called config.py. $ mkdir coreĪfter that, let's create the _init_.py file inside the core directory: $ cd core To convert a usual directory to a Python package, we just need to include an _init_.py file. Our application will exist within a package called core. If you wish, you can follow this guide to get started with Flask. We are going to write an application that is more extensible and has a good base structure. If you check the official documentation of Flask, you'll find a minimal application there.īut, we're not going to follow that. The first thing we're going to do is to create a Flask project. So, we are going to install another module called python-decouple to handle this: pipenv install python-decouple Python Decouple: We'll also use environment variables in this project. To install the module, use the command: pipenv install gunicorn Gunicorn is a Python WSGI HTTP Server for UNIX. To install the module, use the command: pipenv install psycopg2 Psycopg2 is the most popular PostgreSQL database adapter for the Python programming language. To install the module, use the command: pipenv install Flask-SQLAlchemy It helps you simplify things using SQLAlchemy with Flask by giving you useful defaults and extra helpers that make it easier to perform common tasks. To install the module, use the command: pipenv install Flask-Migrateįlask-SQLAlchemy is an extension for Flask that adds support for SQLAlchemy to your application. The database operations are made available through the Flask command-line interface. The module doesn't come pre-installed with Python, so we need to install it using the command: pipenv install Flaskįlask-Migrate is an extension that handles SQLAlchemy database migrations for Flask applications using Alembic. ![]() Once you have created and activated the virtual environment, you're ready to install the required libraries.įlask is a simple, easy-to-use microframework for Python that can help build scalable and secure web applications. ![]() To deactivate the virtual environment, we have a simple command: exit Once it's installed, we can create a virtual environment and activate it using this command: pipenv shell To install the library, use the pip command: pip install pipenv Pipenv is an external library and we need to install it explicitly. You can read this article to learn more about it. It also generates the ever-important Pipfile.lock, which is used to produce deterministic builds. Pipenv is a tool that automatically creates and manages a virtualenv for your projects, as well as adds/removes packages from your Pipfile as you install/uninstall packages. In this tutorial, we're going to use Pipenv to manage our virtual environment. Create the Virtual Environment and Install the Dependencies The frontend of the application is not attractive, because the main focus of the project is building a backend project. ![]() The application will allow users to enter a URL and an optional custom short id and generate a shorter version. This tool takes any URL and generates a shorter, more readable version like bit.ly. In this tutorial, we will build a URL shortener using Flask. ![]()
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